Promoter of POS security and fairness—Multidimensional public chain WormholesChain

The birth of PoS is based on the background of high energy consumption and low efficiency of PoW. Although it has been greatly improved in terms of efficiency and scalability, it sacrifices security and decentralization, which is not conducive to ecology A series of public chains represented by PoS have entered a huge development bottleneck. In order to maintain the ecology, some methods of putting the cart before the horse have been adopted to maintain the operation. The use of random number algorithms such as VRF and VDF has eased the PoS chain to a certain extent. However, this kind of random number algorithm that can be forged will eventually be used as a tool for doing evil and profiting when the benefits are large enough. So far, the security of the emerging high-performance public chain has been widely discussed again.

Creating an infrastructure that can guarantee security, high efficiency and sustainable performance has become recognized in the blockchain industry PoS has been sufficiently verified in terms of efficiency and scalability, so solving the trustworthy random assignment problem based on PoS, the impossible triangle problem may be subverted.

First randomness must have the following properties:

1. Unpredictable: No one should be able to predict randomness before it is generated.

2. Unbiased: The process of generating randomness should not have any involvement biased.

3. Verifiable: The validity of the generated randomness should be determined by Any observer to verify.

4. Fast: generating randomness should be fast and require low computing resources.

5. Scalability: The protocol generated by randomness should be scalable to a large number participants, and can tolerate a certain percentage of participants going offline or trying to intentionally block the protocol.

In the consensus protocol, all participating nodes distributed in the blockchain network share transactions and share transactions complete agreement. For example, Proof of Work (PoW) requires participants to contribute exhaustive computing power to generate blocks, while Proof of Stake (PoS) uses participants' stake to generate blocks. Through extensive research, many consensus algorithms have been developed to improve the consensus confirmation time and power consumption of blockchain-powered distributed ledgers.

WormholesChain is a dynamic random algorithm realized through mathematics and network physics through the lightweight consensus algorithm DRE, which is unpredictable , Uncontrollable, verifiable, fast and scalable, etc., have established the strong security of the public chain. The PoS+DRE algorithm combination will solve the contradiction of the impossible triangle from the root. All nodes participating in the construction of the decentralized network will form their own corresponding radiation range circles according to the amount of pledge, so as to determine their own access to each zone. Probability weights for block incentives. The Dynamic Random Election (DRE) consensus is a set of practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) protocols suitable for a fully asynchronous environment. The synchronous BFT system uses broadcast voting and requires all nodes to vote on the validity of each block, while the asynchronous BFT system uses the distributed The concept of formula common sense implements a partial view to a consistent global view.

Before each block is created in the WormholesChain consensus mechanism, an unpredictable random drop point will be generated, which ensures security and Relative fairness, within the scope of the corresponding placement point, the radiation circle ranking is formed according to the pledge volume, and the top 11 validators will be qualified to enter the next stage to participate in the final consensus. It will also not be able to enter the final consensus stage within the range, so as to ensure relative fairness. In the final consensus stage, the 11 verifiers will simultaneously send a calculation message similar to the estimated state of the block to the rest of the verifiers, randomly sorted according to Round Robin, and the verifier who ranks first and collects the lowest remaining 6 signatures becomes Proposal completes the whole network broadcast, and these 7 validators share the average reward of the main network 7/11. (The remaining 4/11 mainnet incentives will use the original fragment S-NFT to motivate ordinary nodes that do not participate in the consensus mechanism).

Every time The update value of the landing point will be composed of 1+3 variable coupling. 1 represents a series of unchangeable Addresses generated by XORing a set of random numbers in the previous block information of the parent chain. The random number is changed from the previous round The 7 nodes of the final consensus are sent into the block information list, 3 is the 3 unchangeable pledged Address information generated by the 3 surrounding related chains or related nodes representing the parent chain Previous proposal block, and the 3 nodes are obtained. The method will be completed through a set of mathematical algorithms, even if it is predictable, it is impossible to change the addresses of the three peripheral chains or peripheral nodes. 1 address generated by dynamic random properties + 3 pledge addresses that cannot be tampered with constitutes a set of unpredictable random values to determine the final range of each block, so as to achieve a trustworthy and highly random consensus rule The visual logic of the system and landing point is shown in the figure above.

Highly decentralized network - multi-dimensional and multi-layer blockchain structure

WormholesChain is composed of multiple layers, including transmission layer, blockchain layer, A multi-dimensional blockchain at the API layer and application layer, where parachains are coupled together to form a network, supporting parallelism as a way to increase throughput linearly.

Multidimensional Blockchain Architecture: WormholesChain allows for a linear increase in throughput with each additional chain and layer added to the system, thereby Enable network systems to easily achieve high transaction per second (TPS). In addition, each parallel blockchain must also couple the headers of other chains, creating a system whose security increases exponentially as the system grows and additional parallel chains and blocks are added. Parallel chains are coupled together to form a network, which supports parallelism. As a way to linearly increase throughput, each additional chain is added to the system. There is no upper limit to the network scale. In theory, the network scale is only limited by the existing global IP infrastructure. constraint.

The WormholesChain network consists of multiple independent peer-to-peer blockchains, each of which is Blocks are coupled at the same or different block heights. In a general blockchain data structure, ordered blocks are linked "backwards," with each block pointing to the previous block on the chain, and each block containing its parent's hash in its own header. Heck, the sequence of hashes linking each block to its parent creates a chain that goes all the way back to the first block ever created, called the genesis block. However in a multi-dimensional blockchain, each parallel blockchain must be coupled to the head of previous blocks of other chains of the same or different block height, each chain contains a subset of the other chain's Merkle roots in the block hash, In a multi-dimensional blockchain, chain interactions in topology can be constructed as an undirected base graph, which can be seen as the order in which chains are coupled together.

The continuous scalability of TPS and the high compatibility of Chain

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LayerX's core advantage: When users want to do any expansion on WormholesChain, they can create their own sub-chains on Wormholes, which can be done on their own sub-chains Arbitrary expansion, in contrast, the resources obtained on its own chain are much higher than those competing for resources with other users on the same chain. This greatly improves the scalability of the blockchain and reduces the cost of transactions. The coupling between the sub-chain and the main chain is low, and the degree of decentralization is high. The multi-dimensional blockchain mechanism has inherent flexibility and scalability, and supports multiple Various blockchain structures, including single-layer, multi-layer, parallel independent chains, core chains, isomorphic chains, heterogeneous chains, hybrid heterogeneous isomorphic chains or any combination of them, can realize multi-dimensional interaction of value.

As the future Web3 infrastructure, the high compatibility of multi-chains is the basis for realizing diversified value interaction. After more than ten years of development, the encryption industry has become a nascent ecosystem. Security issues gain user trust to stimulate the ecology, and then to the emergence of encrypted derivative tracks such as Defi, NFT, DAO, Gamefi, etc., user needs are constantly being refreshed and magnified. As shown in the figure above, WormholesChain is positioned to become a multi-dimensional value interaction of Web3 Center, to solve the impossible triangle problem while embracing and interacting with the ecological value of each public chain, providing a series of corresponding solutions, hoping to build a multi-dimensional value that allows more developers and creators to focus on ecological applications Utopian world.

 

Different from DOT, once known as the king of ten thousand chains, WormholesChain It is hoped to establish a multi-dimensional decentralized space. The threshold for deploying sub-chains is extremely low without consuming more development costs and huge pledge costs. Any node with a hardware role on the chain can easily deploy the sub-chain system with one click. The development of the parent chain and the growth of the sub-chain are a harmonious system that complement each other. The sub-chain inherits all the advantages of the parent chain (including consensus algorithm & casting native fragmented NFT & supporting EVM smart contracts, etc.) while having relative independence. Data redundancy and value overlap are greatly reduced, and a multi-dimensional ecological value world can eventually be formed.

The Catalyst of Ecological Application—NFT Full-Stack Solution

The public chain needs diversified and sustainable ecological applications. The prosperity of the ecosystem will feed back the underlying infrastructure, which is also the ultimate goal of the public chain. The WormholesChain team realizes that the huge Web3 world requires not only a solid underlying infrastructure, but also a complete full-stack solution in the vertical field to stimulate better ecological development. In terms of cross-border integration of users, the NFT sector is obviously the strongest in the future. NFT plays a vital role as a cross-border medium for all public chain ecological tracks. Only by creating new demands can the ecology expand infinitely. In addition to supporting all the ecology of the basic public chain, WormholesChain has also established a full-stack NFT solution to stimulate the diversified needs of ecological roles.

Fragmented S-NFT and unique incentives Model: S-NFT is WormholesChain's original fragmented main network asset, and it is also a fragmented non-homogeneous asset. As one of the original assets of the dual main network, it plays a role in connecting the underlying infrastructure and the mid- and downstream ecological applications during the circulation of the entire economic model. Become the rights and interests certificates of value data such as pictures, videos, texts, etc. to combine to obtain higher rights and interests, so that the value can be better integrated and interacted, and it also solves the low liquidity and single problem of non-fragmentable NFT, which is a great contribution to the public chain ecology. Various roles provide richer return on investment scenarios.

Diversified ecological roles of WormholesChain:

In the decentralized network system, the incentive mechanism of the economic sector is the core of the entire system. Thinking from the perspective of roles, the public chain itself is a huge DAO organization, and different roles carry corresponding functions to form mutual feedback. Finally, the economic indicators, namely market prices, are used to measure the value of the rights and interests of each ecological role. The weak value of a flat role can also be clearly defined. This is an ecological cycle system that is different from the traditional world. The sustainable development is infinitely expanded, so the diversified ecological roles, division of labor and rationality of income have established a common the depth of the chain. WormholesChain has brought differentiated role classification to the entire ecology from the research and development of the underlying algorithm to the innovation of the NFT sector at the application layer and the convenient service system at the product layer, as shown in the figure below:

New The era of the public chain is no longer a purely technical competition. The service of technology promotes the stimulation of the ecology, and the rich ecology is conducive to the advancement of the market. As a Web3 infrastructure, WormholesChain adheres to a strong idea of decentralization to promote the construction and development of the entire ecology, and works with co-builders of different dimensions to realize the development of a new decentralized world.

The ultimate goal of WormholesChain:

One-click to create a public chain, one-click to set up nodes, one-click to generate encrypted assets, and one-click to start the NFT market;

One-click casting NFT, one-click...... Let all ecological roles focus on business and traffic development in a decentralized environment.

This article is from a contribution and does not represent the views of BlockBeats.

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