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Ethereum Foundation: Ethereum Mainnet London Upgrade Announcement

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Following the successful deployment of the test network, the London upgrade is now ready to be activated on the Ethereum mainnet.

原文标题：《以太坊基金会：以太坊主网伦敦升级公告》

原文作者： Tim Beiko

原文编译：南风， Unitimes

Following the successful deployment of the test network, the London upgrade is now ready to be activated on the Ethereum mainnet.The upgrade will be at block height. 12,965,000 online, estimated time on August 3-5, 2021.

Client Version & NBSP;

To be compatible with the London upgrade, node operators will need to upgrade the version of the client they are running. Listed below are the various client versions that support the London upgrade of the Ethereum mainnet.These versions are different from the versions that previously supported the London upgrade on the test network. The previous version did not support the London upgrade to the mainnet.

1) Client: Go-Ethereum(Geth)

● 版本号：1.10.5

● 下载链接：

https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/releases/tag/v1.10.5

2) : Client: Nethermind &NBSP;

● 版本号：1.10.77

● 下载链接：

https://github.com/NethermindEth/nethermind/releases/tag/1.10.77

3) Client: Erigon (Formerly Turbogeth)

● 版本号：2021.07.03 (alpha)

● 下载链接：

https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/releases/tag/v2021.07.03

4) Client: BESU

● 版本号：21.7.1

● 下载链接：

https://github.com/hyperledger/besu/releases/tag/21.7.1

5) Client: OpenEthereum (formerly Parity)

● 版本号：v3.3.0-rc.4

● 下载链接：

https://github.com/openethereum/openethereum/releases/tag/v3.3.0-rc.4

6) : Client: EthereumJS VM

● 版本号：v5.5.0

● 下载链接：

https://github.com/ethereumjs/ethereumjs-monorepo/releases/tag/%40ethereumjs%2Fvm%405.5.0

Note: OpenEthereum The client will be deprecated after the upgrade in London. OpenEthereum The team is working with Ericon to provide all of its users with a smooth migration path to the Ericon client. More information can be found here:

https://medium.com/openethereum/gnosis-joins-erigon-formerly-turbo-geth-to-release-next-gen-ethereum-client-c6708dd06dd

Miners Note: The London Upgrade will change the way the targeted Gas cap is handled on the network, in response to this we will discuss in the "What do I need to do as a miner?" section below. This is described in more detail in section.

EIPS included in the London upgrade

The London upgrade will include the following. (Ethereum Improvement Proposal) : & NBSP;

● EIP-1559：Eth1.0 链的费用市场改革；

● EIP-3198：BASEFEE 操作码；

● EIP-3529：减少 gas 退款；

● EIP-3541：拒绝以 0xEF 字节码开头的新合约

● EIP-3554：将难度炸弹推迟到 2021 年 12 月 1 日

The Ethereum Cat Herders team has published a blog post detailing the details of these EIPs:

https://medium.com/ethereum-cat-herders/london-upgrade-overview-8eccb0041b41

It's worth noting that while EIP-1559 is backward compatible with the current transaction format, it introduces changes to the block header, adds new transaction types, provides new JSON RPC endpoints, and changes the behavior of the client in several ways (including mining, transaction pooling, and so on). Familiarity with this EIP is strongly recommended. A broader list of resources related to EIP-1559 can be found here:

https://hackmd.io/@timbeiko/1559-resources

Bug bounty

In order to draw more attention to the upcoming London upgrade, all bug rewards associated with the London upgrade will be doubled until the upgrade occurs. The following cross-client consensus issues between clients will qualify for reward doubling: Geth, Besu, Nethermind, OpenEthereum&NBSP; And Erigon. For more information about the scope and limitations of the bug bounty, see:

https://bounty.ethereum.org/#rules

Q&A

Is there anything I need to do as an Ethereum user or ETH holder?

If you use an exchange (like Coinbase, Kraken or Binance), an online wallet service (like MetaMask, MyCrypto or MytherWallet), A mobile wallet service such as Coinbase Wallet, Status.im or Trust Wallet, or a hardware wallet such as Ledger, Trezor, or KeepKey,You don't have to do anything,Unless your exchange or wallet provider tells you to take additional steps.If you're running your own Ethereum node, you'll need to upgrade your node,For more information, see "What do I need to do as a non-mining operator?" Section.

What do I need to do as the operator of a non-mining node?

To download the latest version of the Ethereum client, see above.

What do I need to do as a miner?

First of all,Download the latest version of the Ethereum client,See above. And then,You will need to manually change your Gas cap goal to double the current one.And that's because,Once the London upgrade comes online, the block size will double and the EIP-1559 will keep the block capacity utilised at about 50%.This can be done with JSON-RPC on any client that offers main-network-compatible mining, without restarting your node.

For example, if before the London upgrade, your target block size is 15,000,000 Gas, now you will need to raise your Gas cap target to 30,000,000 Gas to ensure that each block can contain the same average number of transactions.If you have not changed your Gas cap target after the block height reaches 12,965,000 or more, then you will begin to reduce the block size on your network.The following table lists the specific API calls for each client to update the GAS cap target:

Note: Nethermind, Erigon, and EthereumJS do not yet support mining on the Ethereum mainnet.

What if I'm a miner or node operator and I don't participate in this upgrade?

If you are using an Ethereum client that has not been updated to the latest version, then once the upgrade occurs, your client will be synchronized with the same blockchain before the fork upgrade. You'll be stuck on a chain that follows the old rules, and you won't be able to send ETH or operate on the upgraded Ethereum network.

What is the Ethereum network upgrade?

Network upgrades are changes to the underlying Ethereum protocol that improve the system by creating new rules. The decentralized nature of blockchain systems makes network upgrades more difficult. Network upgrades in the blockchain require collaboration and communication with the community and developers of various Ethereum clients to ensure a smooth transition.

What happens during a network upgrade?

After the community agrees on what changes should be included in the upgrade, the protocol changes are written to various Ethereum clients such as Geth, Ericon, Besu, Nethermind, and others. Protocol changes are activated at specific block numbers. Any nodes that have not been upgraded to the new rule set will be discarded on the old chain, and the previous rule will continue to exist on the old chain.

Why is this upgrade named "London"?

After the Ethereum "Istanbul" upgrade, we have no other names for other network upgrades planned. Someone suggested naming the upgrade after the city where the Devcon was being held, and we did! London was the venue for Devcon 1, and before that we had Devcon 0 in Berlin.

Thanks! A big thank you to all those involved in researching, planning, implementing, testing, breaking through, fixing, retesting, deploying, stress-testing and in any other way helping London upgrade its deployment