What makes Polkadot different?

Law firm BlockBeats News, October 29, at the Web3 Foundation hosted "Web3 Conference", Polkadot, Parity technology and & NBSP; Gavin Wood, founder of the Web3 Foundation and co-founder of Ethereum, delivered a speech detailing Polkadot's mechanism and vision, as well as analyzing the current bottlenecks in blockchain development and why Polkadot is so different.    

Following is Gavin Wood's full speech

Hello, I'm NBSP; Gavin Wood. I am a & have spent Polkadot, Parity technology and NBSP; Founder of the Web3 Foundation and co-founder of Ethereum. Welcome to the first annual celebration of NBSP; Web3 conference, it's great to see you here. I'm sorry I can't be there in person, but I can't be there in person because of the severe outbreak. I am really looking forward to coming back to China. I hope things will improve next year and I can come back when the epidemic control is not so strict.

I had a great trip to China last year. I went to six cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu and Nanjing. I'm really looking forward to coming back to China again and going to Chengdu for the delicious hotpot. And mutton, Beijing mutton is also very good, hope to experience again.

So now that a year has passed, I'm going to talk about the fact that we're on board with NBSP; What did Polkadot learn along the way? Polkadot has been online for a few months now, and everything is going well, with no major problems, and I'll talk about it as well; The growth of the Polkadot community, and of course the next step.

So, what makes NBSP; What about Polkadot?

I want to talk a little bit about this, and I know that most of you have come to know this NBSP; Polkadot is fairly familiar. Some of them are based on NBSP; Polkadot creates, but I think it's still important to understand what we do and how it differs from other projects. I mean, if it's a cake doing just one other project; The copycat version, if you just iterate a little bit, increase transaction throughput, or create a slightly improved language, it's really easy to understand what you're doing, but NBSP; Polkadot is different. We're really breaking the mold. We're really pushing new ideas and pushing innovation.

Polkadot shows what the fundamental new abstraction of a consensus system is. Now, this new abstraction... Many of you are familiar with parallel threads and parallel chains, and unlike our original abstraction, Ethereum was created based on Bitcoin. It introduces a more comprehensive abstract, can establish intelligent contract, which essentially let money become a programmable, etheric lane in the final analysis is that, at the time it was a breakthrough innovation, this kind of abstract, generalization and use this new application to consensus environment of extraordinary ability, but it also has limitations, it is not universal.

Now we would say NBSP; "Etheric fang is turing-complete", but it is not completely turing-complete, run on the etheric fang program, namely intelligent contract is always restricted by it to consumption of resources, if you in the near future on the etheric fang deployed complex intelligent contract, you will realize that these limitations obviously, you won't be able to develop a complex program and expect it to on the etheric lane at a reasonable and cheap price.

In addition, the etheric fang development environment always adapt to pure chain operation, only when you write a smart contract, all the code will be loaded into the chain in the etheric fang consensus on environment execution, which is all of the validation node, all the miners, all the nodes in the network this feature under the transfer chain system, such as the interaction of divination machine, actuators, etc., whether to unlock a door or ensure that a web site updates, are extremely difficult, need to have all kinds of glue code on the server, monitor the chain, writing code is more troublesome, you have to different programming languages, you have to many & have spent RPC and interface.

That means it's hard for developers to test and integrate, and with NBSP; This all changes with the Polkadot paradigm, the new abstract model, which is essentially a lower level abstraction. And that means all the things that can be done under the original model the more general abstract model of Ethereum, based on intelligent contract and NBSP; Gas fees measure things, all of these things are still in NBSP; Implementation on Polkadot.

We developed ethereum as a platform in a completely compatible way & NBSP; Implement in Substrate to do that. Now, ethereum realization is the ownership of Ethereum & NBSP; This chain of EVM modules, can also have other modules, can implement other functions, can bring in governance, can bring in NBSP; WebAssmbly smart contract features, you can use the nominating mechanism, you can have the Treasury, and this chain can do all these things, so we call it a lower abstraction, and the real abstraction is on the consensus.

Essentially, everything, as long as the block itself is defined and the things that the block does need to be expressed in a very generic language, WebAssembly. From this point of view anything above it is universal. What does that mean? That said, the main difference is that we don't have an account, a currency, or anything like that, if you want to use NBSP; Let's write a blockchain, not with a currency, but with a pie; Five thousand currencies of the same class, this is entirely achievable. And this can be used in a variety of scenarios, rather than being tied down by ethereum's account-based constraints.

For example, you could have a cake; The Substrate chain, which has no accounts at all, no currency, but allows you to use your WeChat, alipay, Facebook, Twitter, Github accounts, and use those accounts through our other abstract mechanism, NBSP; Work under the "chain" to the signature, which in any currency does not need to hold the chain to interact with the chain, the chain can not even exist chain on currency, we introduces the etheric currency Ethernet network, just to pay the transaction fee, just in order to prevent spam, after all this is just an anti-spam mechanism, the main purpose of this is it, main demand.

If you can solve this by some other mechanism, such as the identity system connected to the prophecy machine, then you don't need to set up so many fixed elements, fixed architectural design way. Block chain may be involved in this sort of thing, often to you that may be out of practice or the chain itself restrictions that may be out of practice or the limitation of the chain itself, and the new abstract patterns can make you more likely to develop chain you want, and allow you to develop in a more comfortable environment, and won't force you to make necessary don't agree with you under your usage scenario is not the optimal decision.

Polkadot has moved beyond the era of smart contracts

To reiterate, Polkadot has really moved beyond the era of smart contracts. Polkadot is not a smart contract platform, it's a platform of platforms, it's a platform of different platforms. Each of these platforms is doing what it does best, in a high-performance, efficient, and optimal way, without worrying about being robbed. Gas or let their users pay in the currency of the underlying platform.

These platforms won't be bundled up to sell anything from Polkadot, and that raises the level of customizability and flexibility beyond those that at least I don't think are focused on delivering as good a product as possible to the developer team. It's about making sure that you can capture the platform for the users of the development team, and that you want those users to be able to use or hold tokens from the underlying platform. Now let's think about some usage scenarios, and I think enterprise applications are increasingly apt to be NBSP; The Polkadot.

Now, some of the enterprise scenarios that we're seeing are companies that want to introduce blockchain into their internal systems to facilitate greater levels of information sharing in the context of a large multinational company, or that want to build a wall in the corporate alliance that would otherwise be the property of each company; The garden promotes cooperation, communication, collaboration and data sharing.

Blockchain systems make this easier than ever. Because each company member, each individual, does not have to trust other individuals, they do not have to designate a centralized third party to maintain this cake; IT systems, in fact they can be perfectly, or partly, right? NBSP; IT system to maintain, so that the blockchain can run well. This model works well in an alliance environment, and we've seen some alliance chain deployments, such as the energy network infrastructure chain, that promote industry-wide applications, and we've seen blockchain-based applications deployed in the industry that benefit everyone involved.

But the next stage is the emergence of cross-alliance chains, which are essentially multiple alliance chains put together so that they can be connected to each other and to chains within the enterprise, which can be within the alliance or outside the alliance. It can also be linked to a public chain like Ethereum, bitcoin, and NBSP; Application connections deployed on Substrate chains, such as parallel chains, will be an important innovation, and it will change the way we look at blockchain, and in particular, the way companies look at blockchain.

At present, the enterprise began gradually to block chain, they begin to temptation, even deployed within the enterprise chain or chain alliance I just mentioned, once the enterprise decision-makers clearly aware of their value proposition, we will see further attempt to block chain enterprise more and more, the deployment of the system is also more and more, and when there are enough facilities deployment on these systems, will soon be someone think, if connect the two systems, a system can use of the resources of another, or to provide services across both, wouldn't it be great?

This would be the beginning of what we call the "blockchain of the Internet" world, the beginning of a market that connects walled gardens to more global services like data, decision-making and finance and economics. We have a situation where the private chain exists in the alliance between independent businesses and companies and the new model, where the difference between these chains being all connected together, would be something like NBSP; The difference between the LAN of the early 1990s and the Internet today is that it is hard to predict what it will eventually look like. Because it's hard to predict which services between these chains will be useful to you.

But My guess is that it's going to be a combination of financial services, data-driven services, registrars, and all sorts of other trust-based services that will mix and combine until one day we find ways to interact with things like supply chain management, trade finance, and all sorts of other finance and all sorts of other things.

Next topic, this year we start with the on-line NBSP; What did Polkadot learn?

The first is & have spent Kusama overfulfilled his role as a canary network. Kusama is a model that lets us know what it is in NBSP; What you might experience on Polkadot, what problems you might encounter, what tools you might need to develop. It allows us to practice directly in the real world, to be able to rehearse a crisis situation, especially when we have to think of it as NBSP; Kusama overturns the redo situation and can remove a block transaction that has broken Kusama's network. These experiences are invaluable. And it solidifies my idea that it is NBSP; Kusama is & have spent A very important part of the Polkadot ecosystem must be maintained and supported to ensure that it is kept alive; Polkadot's continued stability and high performance,

We also found that our community was enthusiastic and loyal to our overall goals and projects. And, of course, we found that some of them were more patient than others and it was a thrilling journey. Of course, it can be very frustrating when something looks as if the end is near, only to find that there's a road ahead before it's done, but I'm glad we've seen the web come online, and are very soon in the final stages of achieving the functionality we originally envisioned.

Rococo test Network is certainly an important milestone we have reached, marking the original parallel chain, marking cross-chain messaging, marking the new cross-chain message format, and making those in NBSP; Polkadot and & have spent It was really nice to see that the team at Kusama, with all their hard work, was able to deploy in a real test network and interact with each other. Hopefully, in the next steps to parallel chains, parallel threads, and NBSP; We will continue to have your loyalty and patience through the launch of XCMP and beyond.

So what are we doing in China in terms of community?

This year we launched NBSP; in Shanghai; The Web3 bootcamp, which I'm sure many of you have heard about, is this week NBSP; Fifteen teams graduated, this is in NBSP; This was done in collaboration with the Web3 Foundation, Parity Technology and Wanxiang Blockchain Lab. Wanxiang Lab provided a lot of support for this project. Thank you very much.

Parity was introduced in Asia & NBSP; Substrate courses, taught by native Chinese-speaking engineers, which I think would be of interest to all of you in this class, and all of the attendees will be given a free lunch; Substrate classes, come in, take advantage of this resource, and start creating!

We are already in NBSP; The Substrate has been deeply ploughed for a long time, and now is NBSP; The state of the Substrate is satisfactory, and a number of very exciting features are about to come online. I'm going to list a few here, but there are many more. Such as multithreading and parallel running

The flat memory module that we're working on, and the new consensus type, the new NBSP; API, a creation & NBSP; The pallet interface, about/NBSP; Substrate, and a number of new functions to be implemented.

So I would like to invite all of you here to take a look at what we have, from the chain work machine to NBSP; New components of Substrate 2.0, such as enumerable mapping, transactional storage, and following functions, go a long way. So be sure to take a look, get off the ground, come up with a great idea, roll up your sleeves, and now you're ready to take on the big game!

Thank you & have spent Thank you for your listening and I hope you will enjoy the rest of the presentations. Be sure to try it & NBSP; Substrate, create it on top!

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